Livestock Disease And African Food Security Essays - Animal Virology

Domesticated animals Disease And African Food Security Domesticated animals Disease and African Food Security A difficult issue in Africa today is the rise of wild, destructive strains of ailment that are influencing domesticated animals and desolating populaces of pigs and steers in numerous African countries, putting food security in danger in numerous populaces of different countries. With effectively significant food shortage issues among many developing African countries, ailment will just further weight an effectively critical circumstance for food security in Africa. Animals assume significant jobs in cultivating frameworks, which give essentially food and salary, which is vital for food security. Almost 12 percent of the world populaces depend entirely on domesticated animals for its work. (4) The most recent flare-up of African Swine Fever (ASF) in the West African island country of Cape Verde compromises the nation's whole pig populace, as indicated by a 1996 FAO report. The sickness has been endemically present in any event part of Cape Verde archipelago since 1985 - with pinnacles of dismalness/mortality two times per year, in spring and winter. (1) ASF is brought about by an especially safe infection and is a possibly crushing malady. Not many pigs endure contamination and those that do are infectious. ASF is endemically present in wild pigs in southern and eastern Africa in a cycle including contaminated local pigs, delicate ticks and wild pigs. (1) In different biological systems of Central and Western Africa there are enormous flare-ups of this infection among household pigs and the illness happens somewhere else in Africa. In all zones, disease is generally normal because of contact with tainted, recuperated or bearer pigs and ingestion of defiled or contaminated trash, pee and excrement. Different strains have happened in various areas because of the expanding utilization of non-indigenous pigs, which are especially powerless against this. Creatures are being transported by street and air and are not being isolated appropriately if by any stretch of the imagination. This compromises any nation that depends on domesticated animals for food security. ASF is a very safe infection and can spread rapidly among populaces that are kept in poor sterile conditions. Numerous specialists concur that infections, for example, ASF will keep on spreading all through African pig ranches if appropriate sterile conditions are not met and legitimate isolate's aren't managed to attempt to check the spread of this illness. Since there is no antibody accessible, crushing tainted creatures is the essential strategy for taking out the ailment. In an alternate episode in Cote d'Ivore, just about 22,000 pigs were murdered by ASF and another 100,000 were butchered trying to annihilate the infection. (2) Yet another ongoing flare-up of ASF has surfaced in West African nation of Benin on the Nigerian fringe. Specialists detailed very nearly 3000 pigs dead and the FAO has sent a group called EMPRES (Emergency Prevention System for Transboundary Animal and Plant Pests and Diseases) to examine similarly as they did in both Cape Verde and Cote d'Ivore. (2) The group was assembled with an end goal to control plant and creatures infections that can pressure a nations cr ucial food security issues. An alternate infection called Classic Swine fever, which isn't as dangerous a strain is the thing that the Benin authorities state it is, however the EMPRES group fears this could be the fatal ASF rendition. An intense issue that comes all of a sudden, ASF can totally obliterate a nations pork industry in light of the fact that once the news gets out, no nation will exchange or purchase any animals with that nation. This can have genuine ramifications on meat eating societies. In Cote d'Ivore, all pig deals were halted in 1996 and proceeded again in 1997 with an all out misfortune evaluated to associate with US $18million. The FAO report says that around 60 percent of Benin's populaces depends exclusively on farming and loads of 600 000 pigs assume a fundamental job in salary age and national food security. (3) There are different strategies used to cultivate pigs in both Benin and Cote d'Ivore. Business ranches are the most elevated in yield and are freq uently hit hardest by the sickness because of crowdedness and simple transmission starting with one contaminated pig then onto the next. Others raise pigs in patios where the creatures are presented to trash and unfortunate conditions. Both of these strategies for cultivating pigs are at the most elevated hazard for

Chapter 12 Review essays

Section 12 Review expositions Section 1: The Science of Psychology Section one of our content starts by talking about psuedoscience, or as the creators call it psychobabble. Fundamentally they examine how usually individuals are regularly deluded by bogus brain science in our way of life and frequently in the media. The creators look into genuine mental practices with psuedopsychology, which regularly needs obvious proof and appropriate techniques for research and data recovery. I was happy to see that the creators talked about this point and explained the contrast among psuedopsychology and real brain research. It was useful to have explanation of what is real and what isn't inside the field of brain research. The rest of part one talks about two different points, Critical Thinking and the historical backdrop of mental practices. Basic reasoning is a developing procedure, which one uses to arrive at a sensible obvious end result. It is basic that Psychologists utilize Critical Thinking when reaching a resolution with respect to the current issue. This area on Critical Thinking gives the peruser a decent base to start thinking Psychologically and it is useful in permitting one to reach an impartial resolution. This segment was useful in depicting to the peruser how analysts reason and reach obvious end results in their field of work. The historical backdrop of Psychological practices was the area of section one that I least delighted in. This was generally because of the way that I was at that point mindful of the vast majority of the data that was given. Anyway it is significant that individuals acknowledge how the field of Psychology has created and it's various strategies, so this sectio n effectively provided this data. Part 2: How Psychologists do Research The second section of our content covers the subject of how Psychologists approach acquiring results from their examination. This part examines the different strategies and practices that Psy ... <!

The Journey to Turn Your Credit Around

The Journey to Turn Your Credit Around The Journey to Turn Your Credit Around The Journey to Turn Your Credit AroundImproving your credit score is like building Rome. It isn’t going to happen overnight and you probably don’t want to do it alone. That’s why you have to see improving your credit as a journey, and why you should get help from friends, family, and your buddies over here at the OppLoans Financial Sense Blog.In order to give you a sense of the steps you’ll take on your credit score voyage, we spoke to Courtney Sanders, an entrepreneur and speaker who overcame her own bad credit problems, and friend of the blog Jeanne Kelly, one of our favorite nationally recognized credit experts.Lace up your shoes, because your credit journey is about to begin.Start paying off your bills on time.This can be the simplest, and sometimes, the most difficult step. But according to Sanders, it’s an important first step: “Pay your bills on time every month, even if you have to call the credit card company and negotiate a lower minimum payment. The important t hing is that you establish regular, on-time payment history.”Your payment history is 35 percent of your credit report, making it the single largest factor in determining your credit score. That’s why it’s the first place to start fixing things up. It can take real sacrifice and dedication to get your bills in order, especially if you’re far behind. You shouldn’t hesitate to ask friends and family for help if you need it. Having a better credit score might mean you’ll be in a better position to help them out if they ever need it.Look back at old loans.Just because you’ve forgotten about old loans, that doesn’t mean those loans have forgotten about you. Those old loans can impact your credit score now. You should review your entire financial history early on your journey to fix your credit. According to Kelly, one of the big examples of past loans deserving of review are student loans:“Review all your student loans after graduation. You might have old emails or old h ome address, as your parents possibly moved after you graduated high school. If you do not get notices once payments are due, that will drop your credit score if they are not paid on time. It’s very important to check on what loans you have outstanding and when payments are due. Often students do not realize that each semester the loan was taken out is another account on your credit report. So, if you happen to go to college for eight semesters and needed loans for each, that would show up as eight separate loans on your credit report. Miss one payment and that is eight loans in the negative section of your report showing that missed payment. You might want to look into consolidating the student loans into one loan after graduation.”Start managing your credit card properly.It isn’t enough to just pay your bills on time. The next step of your credit score journey is using your credit card in a smarter way. That’s why Sanders recommends you: “Manage your credit card utilizat ion ratio. Dont carry a balance higher than 30 percent of your available credit at any one time.”Your credit mix might only be 10 percent of your credit score, but you want all the help you can get. Even if you’re paying all your bills, having too much racked up on your card doesn’t look good to the credit bureaus who calculate your credit score.Don’t close other cards.Although having too high a balance on your credit card is bad, that doesn’t mean that no balance is better. It might seem counterintuitive, but closing old credit cards can actually make your credit situation worse. Here’s how Sanders explained it:“Keep credit lines open. I know when people are trying to get out of debt they think they should pay everything off, close all of those credit card accounts, and that will improve their credit score. While paying things down is definitely great for that credit card utilization ratio, if you close the account it could actually hurt your credit score because you want to establish credit history. So the longer that you have credit lines open and you can demonstrate that you have a good track record in paying your bills every month, the better it is for your credit score.”The length of your credit history is 15 percent of your credit score, so again, not the biggest part, but not nothing either!The promised land of better loan rates.It won’t be an easy journey, but the destination makes it worth it. You can learn more in our recent blog post How Fixing Your Credit Can Fix Your Future. Whether it’s getting better rates on a loan, a car, or even a job you might get turned away from if your credit was worse, it’ll all pay off in the end.Visit OppLoans on YouTube | Facebook | Twitter | LinkedINContributorsJeanne Kelly (@creditscoop)  After being turned down for a mortgage 15 years ago, Jeanne Kelly realized she needed to get her credit in order. Not only was she able to fix her bad credit, but she took the skills and knowledge she gained and decided to share it with the world. Now she’s a nationally regarded credit coach and expert, with multiple books and television appearances. Follow her on Twitter and check out her site to get the credit help you need!Courtney Sanders  is an entrepreneur, speaker, and rising authority on women’s empowerment. Through her training and development company, Think Grow Chick, LLC, Courtney provides online in-person education, mentorship, and community for millennial women. After educating herself on the “ins and outs” of personal development, money management, and entrepreneurship, Courtney climbed her way out of debt in a few short years and went on to successfully launch Think Grow Chick.In 2015 she authored the book, Get What You Want: The Ultimate Guide to Figuring Out + Getting What You Want in Life which has since served as a catalyst for several related trainings and programs.

Apperences vs. Reality in Twelfth Night Essay - 851 Words

Appearances vs. Reality M.C Escher said, â€Å"Are you really sure that a floor cant also be a ceiling?† This quote is saying that what you see and what is actually there can be two different things. Appearances versus reality is a recurring theme in William Shakespeare’s play, Twelfth Night . Appearances hide an important reality and sometimes can get in the way of a character from developing or attaining his or her goal. The problems that happen involve disguises and deceit of one form or another and create tension amongst the characters. The reason Shakespeare has this recurring theme is because of the comedy that comes with it. It is funny for the reader to see the situational irony that occurs and is what makes the play.†¦show more content†¦Malvolio is mislead at one point of the play by Maria and Sir Toby. They write him a fake letter that is supposedly from Olivia saying how much she loves him. He only believes the letter because he loves her so much and will believe a nd do whatever it takes to be with her. This is his down fall with what appears to be a good situation for him, but is actually people playing tricks on him. He acts how he really feels in front of Olivia to only turn her off, and because of his own pride causes him to act foolish. Love itself is an appearance that beats reality when its taken to lightly and overcomes the reality so all you can see is the appearance of love. Count Orsino believes he is in love with Lady Olivia, however he is in love with the idea of being in love. He claims to love Olivia but really he is growing very fond of Viola/Cesario, this appears to be him loving these two women but is actually like stated previously him being in love with the idea of being in love. With Olivia mourning the death of her brother it is a viable excuse not to see men at the moment. However in

I m Planning On Pursuing A Course - 1405 Words

Summary I’m planning on pursuing a combined MD/Ph.D. program, which combines both medicine and research to train the next generation of physician-scientists. The path to becoming a physician-scientist is daunting and long, which could take up to 15 years. Aside from having both medical and research training, successfully physician-scientist should also be a problem solver, a critical thinker, resilient, a hard worker and good writer. Writing skills are very important in this field because physician-scientists have to write proposals and manuscripts. Upon successful completion of their training, physician-scientists usually work at academic medical centers doing research and applying it to help patients at the bedside. The prime goal of physician-scientists is to use research findings to push the boundaries of medical mysteries. Introduction During my sophomore year, when people asked me what field I’m trying to get into after graduation, I tell them â€Å"I’m not sure, probably medical.† At that time, I was debating on whether to go to medical school or graduate school. It was then, that I learned about an MD/Ph.D. program, also know as a physician-scientist program, which combines MD and Ph.D. degree for people interested in both medicine and research. Since I learned about a combined MD/Ph.D. degree, I’m planning on pursuing it because it integrates both medicine and research to treat patients. At this point, I’m planning on taking a year or two off and apply to jointShow MoreRelatedGraduate Study Challenges and Strategies for Personal Success1589 Words   |  7 Pagesarenas. Pursuing a graduate study and improving communication skills are a few of many ways I chose to guarantee my personal and professional success. 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There is an abundance of well-researched literature on the roles and functions of leadership and management, however the simple fact is that leadership and management techniques vary from organization to organization and situation to situation with respect to culture andRead MoreThe Kingdom : An Attack American Accommodation Compound1434 Words   |  6 PagesAs stated in the second paragraph, the group identified with a religion alone with civilian victims who have no ties to the group. Chapter 1 Life Course Theory The connection between radicalization and terrorism is best theorized in terms of the theoretical perspective acclimates mostly to temporal ordering (Richard Rosenfeld, 2011). The life course perspective focuses on an offender’s varying personal choices and life experiences over time, and seek to uncover trajectories or turning points whichRead MorePersonal Statement Of Purpose Of An Organization942 Words   |  4 PagesStatement Of Purpose â€Å"To give real service, you must add something which cannot be bought or measured with money† –  Sir M. Visvesvarayya I am MR.DARSHAN NARAYANA, an undergraduate in Civil Engineering and a graduate in Construction Technology, would like undergo the PhD program in Civil Engineering / Construction Engineering / Construction Management at your esteemed I hail from an upper middle class family that lays very strong emphasis on education. Both my parents, who are AdvocatesRead MoreMy Statement of Purpose: VLSI Design703 Words   |  3 Pagessoftware to make the most use of these innovations. Moores Law, which states that an integrated circuits capacity will double every eighteen months while its size drops by 50% (Freeman, 1987), serves as the basis of many of the product development and planning strategies of VLSI circuit and processor designers today. Andy Grove, one of the founders of Intel Corporation, credits Moores Law with the invention of the microprocessor and the global PC growth occurring for the last four decades (Anagnostopoulos

Odysseus’ Search for Purpose in Homers Odyssey Essay

Odysseus’ Search for Purpose in The Odyssey As a wayfarer in life, The Odyssey focuses on life’s greater purpose through the fulfillment of destiny, perseverance, and loyalty. These three themes recur continuously throughout Odysseus’ journey, molding life’s greater vision. Odysseus comes to understand his purpose in life by remaining true to these major themes as he faces and conquers each obstacle in his journey. The overarching theme of The Odyssey is the belief that man cannot escape the destiny which has been preordained for him by the gods. Destiny plays a vital role in the survival of Odysseus throughout his adventures. As Odysseus languishes on the island of Calypso, Hermes commands her to free Odysseus in order for†¦show more content†¦Odysseus’ freedom to make his own decisions is altered my what the gods have preordained for him. Not only do the gods have control over the day-to-day destiny of mankind, but they also decide the circumstances of each mortal’s life. No matter how a mortal struggles, he will die under the conditions that the gods have set out for him. Eurymachus explains to Penelope, Death from the gods can no man shun(161). Eurymachus seeks to comfort Penelope by pointing out that worrying about the fate of her loved ones is useless, since their fate will be decided by the gods and once it has, there is no escaping it. Throughout Odysseus’ journey he is able to persevere against the overwhelming odds he is faced with. The driving force behind Odysseus’ perseverance is his hunger to get home; his crew however does not share this passion and therefore lacks the strength of character to fight on. Odysseus looks back on his life or death struggle as his ship is lost in Poseidon’s storm, out of the ship my comrades fell and then like sea-fowl were borne by the side of the black ship along the waves; god cut them off from coming home. I myself paced the ship until the surge tore her ribs off the keel, which the waves then carried along dismantled. The mast broke at the keel; but to it clung the backstay, made of oxhide. With this I bound the two together keel and mast and getting a seat on these, I drifted before the deadlyShow MoreRelated Disguises in Homers Odyssey Essay954 Words   |  4 PagesDisguises in Homers Odyssey   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Homers Odyssey, disguises help convey a false identity that assist the characters in accomplishing their plans.   Each disguise has its own purpose, such as Athenes image as Mentor to advise Telemachos.   Her purpose was to assist and encourage Telemachos into searching news of his long lost father without revealing her true identity of divinity.   Being old and wise, and especially male, helps put more power behind the words spoken by Mentor because menRead More Essay on Names in The Odyssey and The Bible1634 Words   |  7 PagesImportance of Names in The Odyssey and The Bible      Ã‚   Two of the most widely studied ancient works are Homer’s Odyssey and the book of Genesis from the Bible.   Each of these texts provides a unique viewpoint of an early civilization.   In both of the texts, one can learn not only stories about great heroes, but also about the way that these peoples lived and what they believed.   Many interesting parallels can be drawn between the two developing societies shown in the Odyssey and the book of GenesisRead More A Comparison of Homeric Formalism in The Iliad and The Odyssey1339 Words   |  6 PagesHomeric Formalism in The Iliad and The Odyssey Much that is terrible takes place in the Homeric poems, but it seldom takes place wordlessly... no speech is so filled with anger or scorn that the particles which express logical and grammatical connections are lacking or out of place. 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The famous riddle of the sphinx that has been pondered for many years; it is a universal issue that affects all people of every nationality, ethnicity, religion, or geographic area. We, ourselves, are the answer to this puzzle and yet we fight this explanation with every tool possible. We avoid it, refuse to admit it, read about it, jokeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Epic Heroes 1270 Words   |  6 Pagesdivine intervention was a large theme, and this can serve as the backbone of luck for the epic hero. Odysseus from the Odyssey is a prime example as Athena is a constant aid to him in his long journey home. Odysseus truly thrives from divine luck more than his own personal intelligence or bravery. To begin, Odysseus has extreme wit, but much of it is actually luck influenced by the gods. Odysseus is known for his cunning personality, unlike the harsh personality of Achilles. 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Crisis and Disaster Management

Question: Discuss about the Crisis and Disaster Management. Answer: Build back better The phrase build back better can be defined as a model reconstruction as well as a plan for recovery which assists in the attainment of better resilience. This has been in use since the tsunami hit in 2004 and became officially recognized after Clinton created the guidelines for BBB in 2006(Moore, 2013). The concept of BBB focuses on a holistic improvement of the environmental, economic, social and physical circumstances of a community along with following the disasters in order to improve the resilience of the whole community. The earliest known document which was formerly authorized on the subject was by Clinton named Key Propositions for BBB, published in 2006(Brent, 2004). The other guidelines which are in support of the concept have been noted down below: Principles for Settlement and Shelter by the United Nations Disaster Relief Organization. Post Tsunami Recovery and Reconstruction Strategy and Build Back Better Guiding Principles by the Government of Sri Lanka. Mondays Holistic Recovery. Recovery and Reconstruction Framework by Victorian Bushfire Reconstruction and Recovery Authority. Christchurch Earthquake Recovery Authoritys Recovery Strategy. The pre-existing notion of BBB has been modified through conducting researches on case studies belonging to multi-nations. The findings, hence, obtained aided in the creation of the BBB Framework which can be well represented and defined by the following diagram: Diagram showing: Build Back Better Framework (source: Christine, H. (2012).) The major concepts which have recognized in the framework for BBB are risk reduction, community recovery and implementation. As evident form the above diagram, community recovery has been subdivided into economic and social recovery. Social recovery focuses on the involvement and support in the community. The major tools which have been proposed to be furnished to the communities in times of trauma due to disasters are engaging, educating and encouraging the community (Hayes Kotwica, 2013). Following activities have been recommended for recovering the communities from psycho-social factors: Arrangement of particularized assistance. Connecting social programs with housing programs. Organization of group activities for the well-being of the community. Evaluation of affected community. Recovery policies on local requirements. Ensuring that the whole community participates in bearing responsibility for the recovery activities. According to the guidelines, measures should be utilized to strengthen as well as rejuvenate the economy of the community that has been affected (Semerciz et.al. 2015). These measures include, providing counseling services, business support along with specific fast tracked allowances in order to reconstruct businesses. Principles of Christchurch earthquake recovery This serves as reference guide for the Canterbury recovery which bloomed with consulting the community and strategic partners. It provides the efforts for recovery with direction, confidence and coordination. The RS is a collective approach for the government as well as the stakeholders so that they can integrate with plans for developing the community. Information regarding cultural, economic and social recovery along with the built as well as natural environment is integrated with perfect leadership. The aim of CERA is to make the church invest, visit and work for the upcoming generations. CERA places the community as the center of focus and addresses issues such regarding housing, planning, land zoning and risks posed by disasters (Steve et.al. 2008). The recovery effort is divided into 3 phases by CERA. They are: Immediate phase an urgent repair is initiated and the action plan is formulated. Short term phase the affected sites are rebuilt, reconstructed or replaced. Medium/long term phases comprises of activities such as improving, constructing and restoration. The aim of RS is to make the built environment cost-effective, resilient, and accessible as well as integrate the housing, buildings, infrastructure and the transportation. The land zoning to make the future resilient is comprised of urban design that is innovative and the investment for infrastructure should be prioritized so that greater Christchurch could be supported. It also considers the risks possessed due to changes in climate and current seismic contractions (Tugba Tugce 2015). Research methodology Greater Christchurch was affected by earthquakes in 2010 and 2011. This paper inspects the case of the same. Since, the process of recovery is in continuation, the role of propositions of land use in BBB can be investigated in accordance to the reduction of risk after a disaster strikes (Jeffery, 2016). The research design used in this case study is a mixed-methods one and has been accomplished by conducting interviews with officials from CERA as well as city councils along with reviewing pertinent literatures. Quantitative and qualitative sources have been used for gathering data. There had been direct participation by the interviewees in the process of recovery which aided the author to have a clear understanding of the process. The timing for every semi-structured interview was 1 hour. Research trip Interviewee Description Research trip 1 April 2014May 2014 P1 Visits and Relations Advisor, CERA P2 Structural Engineer, CERA P3 Manager, Utilities and Roading, Waimakariri District Council P4 Recovery Manager, Waimakariri District Council Research trip August 2015 P5 General Manager, Constructions, CERA P6 Chief Advisor, Insurance, CERA P7 General Manager, Community Resilience, CERA P8 Former Recovery Manager, Waimakariri District Council P9 Manager, Central City Development, CERA P10 Senior Advisor, Communication Central City Rebuild, CERA P11 Service Centre Manger, Waimakariri District Council P12 Earthquake Support Service, Waimakariri District Council P13 Recovery Manager, Waimakariri District Council P14 Utility Manager, Waimakariri District Council P15 Visits and Relations Advisor, CERA P16 Head, Strategy and Planning Group, Christchurch City Council P17 Manager, Residential Red Zone Operations Port Hills (CERA) P18 Former Financial Advisor,, CERA Table showing: Data collection from case study Case study: Greater Christchurch earthquake 2010-2011 Christchurch, New Zealand was hit by two massive earthquakes in the years 2010-2011. The first one (Darfield earthquake) had a magnitude of 7.1 took place on 4th September 2010 and the subsequent aftershock hit on 22nd February 2011 and had a magnitude of 6.3. Several residential regions were hugely devastated and it was difficult to liquefy the eastern regions. The gross economic loss was amounted up to NZ$40 billion which amount up to 19 per cent of the GDP. In the central part of the city, around 627 commercial buildings were to be demolished and another 220 were to be partially demolished along with 47% of the buildings being declared uninhabitable. In order to repair or recover the residential buildings, the amount estimated was NZ$13 billion approximately (Tomer, 2015). The Pyne Gould Corporation and the Canterbury Television collapsed and resulted into the deaths of 18 and 115 people, respectively. The number of deaths in suburban locations and central city were found to be 12 and 28, respectively along with 8 individuals being killed in a city bus. The total number of deaths was accounted up to 185(Joshua, 2016). The Waimakariri district is a part of greater Christchurch along with the eastern suburbs was hugely impacted by the Darfield earthquake and lateral spreading along with liquefaction occurred after the aftershock. Disturbances to daily life, services, activities and basic facilities were caused and businesses were disrupted due to the destruction of buildings, non-availability of products and services(Christine, 2012). Around 1200 buildings in Kairaki and Pines Beach were destroyed and 1048 were classified into the red zone, which prohibited rebuilding. Severe destruction was caused to public infrastructure as well as disruption in potable water. Fifteen sewer pump stations, gravity sewers of around 18 km and 12 kilometers of water mains were damaged. Infrastructure for local transports were impacted which amounted up to 2 foot bridges, 16 approaches to bridges and 16 kilometers of roads were damaged severely (Hayes Kotwica, 2013). Since the disaster had large magnitude, it led to the formation of CERA which aimed to support the government by rebuilding and managing the recovery. Around 67,468 houses were repaired by Earthquake Commission by the end of March in 2016 (Moore, 2013). The land use was severely affected by liquefaction and rock falls along with an increase in floods. Several historical buildings and community facilities were impacted by the aftershocks. While buildings with light timber frames were least affected, old masonry buildings were hugely affected and the chimneys collapsed. References Moore, S. (2013). Disaster's future: the prospects for corporate crisis management and communication, Volume 47, Issue 1, JanuaryFebruary 2004, Pages 29-36 Brent, R. (2004). 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(2016). Journal of International Money and Finance, Volume 66, Pages 1-170 (September